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Hibernación
La hibernación (también conocida como suspensión en disco) es un método utilizado para apagar una computadora y preservar el estado del sistema operativo. Una vez encendido, el sistema operativo estará en el estado exacto tal como estaba en el momento de la hibernación.
En Slackware, la hibernación funciona de forma inmediata. Sin embargo, para poder reanudar con éxito un estado de hibernación, debe configurar el cargador de arranque para que sepa dónde ubicar los datos.
Hibernar
Entornos de escritorio
KDE, XFCE y otros desktop ofrecen hibernación desde la pantalla/menú de cierre de sesión.
Lightweight Window Managers
You can hibernate your system from console. Either as root via pm-utils or D-Bus with additional programs as regular user.
pm-utils
Hibernation is done via pm-hibernate
command.
D-Bus
Slackware offers two services to control power management in it's recent releases. UPower and HAL. Since HAL is deprecated in Slackware 14.0, use HAL in older Slackware releases (from 12.0 to 13.37), otherwise use UPower.
Use one of these command to hibernate your system.
UPower
$ dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.UPower" \ /org/freedesktop/UPower org.freedesktop.UPower.Hibernate
HAL
$ dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.Hal" \ /org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement.Hibernate
Bootloader configuration
Booting from LVM
LILO doesn't support booting from LVM, therefore you have to create initial ramdisk (initrd). You need one even though your kernel has build-in support for LVM.
You don't have to specially adjust lilo.conf
because you can set everything resume-related in initrd.
mkinitrd -c -k <kernel-version> -f <fs_type> -m <modules_required_to_boot> -r <root_partition> -h /dev/volumegroup/swap -L
- -h set your hibernation/swap logical volume
- -L activate LVM
LILO configuration
Next step is to make sure your lilo.conf
contains following snippet
image = /boot/vmlinuz root = /dev/sdaX initrd = /boot/initrd.gz label = Slackware read-only # Partitions should be mounted read-only
If you don't use LVM, you can simply tell kernel where to resume from by adding append line:
append="resume=/dev/sdaX"
Replace /dev/sdaX
with your actual swap partition.
Afterwards, run lilo
to save changes.
$ lilo
Lock your computer upon resuming
You may have noticed that when your computer resumes, there is no protection to ensure no one can use your computer. As pm-hibernate
must be run as root, any user that powers up your computer will be granted a root terminal! I'll show you some tricks to ensure a proper lock of the system.
With pm-utils
From the command line
If you dont have an X session open, the only way to lock your computer is to logout from your session before hibernation. You can use the following command:
pm-hibernate & logout (OR pm-hibernate & exit)
It's important to logout from every tty prior to hibernation! logout
will only log you out from the terminal from where you launched the command. Please read the warning in the following section.
logout
may not have enough time to complete. You may think that using ;
instead of &
could do the trick (as it will log out the user after resuming), but it allows the user doing a CTRL+Ctrl upon resuming, killing the logout
command.
From an X session
If you want to lock the computer prior hibernation, you can issue the following command (as root of course):
# xlock & sleep 5 ; pm-hibernate
You can also create the following script:
#!/bin/bash echo 'Hibernating in 5 seconds' xlock & sleep 5 pm-hibernate
xlock
is a command that locks your X session. Upon rebooting, you will be asked for the root password. The sleep
command may be omitted, but I think it's safer to leave it, so you are sure that xlock
has enough time to run properly. You don't have to use exit
(or logout
) at the end of the command or the script, as it has no use concerning security. You may want to use it though to automatically close the xterm on resuming.
xlock
can be killed, leaving full access to the X session.For people using init3 (no automatic X startup), remember to also logout from the tty from where you launched the X system with
startx
: hit CTRL+Z (to suspend the task), then bg
(to resume the task in the background), then CTRL+D (or logout
) to logout.
An alternate
If one is a sudoer, ie, can use sudo, then the following can also be used:
sudo /usr/sbin/pm-hibernate
Further reading
- Hibernate to encrypted swap - README_CRYPT.TXT
Sources
- Original source: http://www.slackwiki.com/Hibernate
- Otherwise rewritten by Martin Matějek (also on Slackwiki)
- Hibernate trick by zithro