Hibernació

La hibernació (també coneguda com suspensió-a-disc) és un mètode utilitzat per a apagar un ordinador mentre es preserva l'estat del sistema operatiu. Una vegada encés, el sistema operatiu estarà en l'estat exacte en el que es trobava en el moment de la hibernació.

A Slackware, la hibernació funciona des del primer moment. Tanmateix, per a retornar amb èxit d'un estat d'hibernació, caldrà que configures el carregador de l'arrencada per a que aquest sàpiga on localitzar les dades de represa.

KDE, XFCE i altres entorns d'escriptori ofereixen l'hibernació des de la pantalla/menú de tancament de sessió.

Pots hibernar el teu sistema des de la consola. Bé com a root via pm-utils o mitjançant D-Bus amb programes addicionals com a un usuari normal.

La hibernació es fa via l'ordre pm-hibernate.

Slackware ofereix dos serveis per a controlar la gestió de la energia en els seus alliberament recents. UPower i HAL. Com HAL està deprecated a Slackware 14.0, utilitza HAL en alliberaments més antics d'Slackware (de la 12.0 a la 13.37), en qualsevol altre cas utilitza UPower.

Utilitza una de les ordres següents per a hibernar el teu sistema.

 $ dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.UPower" \
 /org/freedesktop/UPower org.freedesktop.UPower.Hibernate

$ dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.Hal" \
 /org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement.Hibernate

LILO no suporta l'arranc des de LVM, per tant, has de crear un ramdisk inicial (initrd). En necessites un encara que el teu nucli tinga suport integrat per a LVM.

No has d'ajustar de manera especial el lilo.conf perquè pots establir tot allò relatiu a la represa a initrd.

mkinitrd -c -k <kernel-version> -f <fs_type> -m <modules_required_to_boot> -r <root_partition> -h /dev/volumegroup/swap -L

• -h set your hibernation/swap logical volume
• -L activate LVM

Next step is to make sure your lilo.conf contains following snippet

image = /boot/vmlinuz
  root = /dev/sdaX
  initrd = /boot/initrd.gz
  label = Slackware
  read-only # Partitions should be mounted read-only

If you don't use LVM, you can simply tell kernel where to resume from by adding append line:

append="resume=/dev/sdaX"

Replace /dev/sdaX with your actual swap partition.

Afterwards, run lilo to save changes.

$ lilo

You may have noticed that when your computer resumes, there is no protection to ensure no one can use your computer. As pm-hibernate must be run as root, any user that powers up your computer will be granted a root terminal! I'll show you some tricks to ensure a proper lock of the system.

If you dont have an X session open, the only way to lock your computer is to logout from your session before hibernation. You can use the following command:

pm-hibernate & logout (OR pm-hibernate & exit)

It's important to logout from every tty prior to hibernation! logout will only log you out from the terminal from where you launched the command. Please read the warning in the following section.

If you want to lock the computer prior hibernation, you can issue the following command (as root of course):

# xlock & sleep 5 ; pm-hibernate

You can also create the following script:

#!/bin/bash
echo 'Hibernating in 5 seconds'
xlock &
sleep 5
pm-hibernate

xlock is a command that locks your X session. Upon rebooting, you will be asked for the root password. The sleep command may be omitted, but I think it's safer to leave it, so you are sure that xlock has enough time to run properly. You don't have to use exit (or logout) at the end of the command or the script, as it has no use concerning security. You may want to use it though to automatically close the xterm on resuming.

If one is a sudoer, ie, can use sudo, then the following can also be used:

sudo /usr/sbin/pm-hibernate

• Hibernate to encrypted swap - README_CRYPT.TXT

• Original source: http://www.slackwiki.com/Hibernate
  • Original author unknown - original submissions 1,2
  • Otherwise rewritten by Martin Matějek (also on Slackwiki)
  • Hibernate trick by zithro