[2024-feb-29] Sad news: Eric Layton aka Nocturnal Slacker aka vtel57 passed away on Feb 26th, shortly after hospitalization. He was one of our Wiki's most prominent admins. He will be missed.
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wiki:user:kikinovak [2014/02/09 15:21 (UTC)] – kikinovak | wiki:user:kikinovak [2014/02/20 06:09 (UTC)] – kikinovak | ||
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- | === Know more about the contents of a package === | ||
- | Every package has a corresponding entry in ''/ | ||
- | < | ||
- | # less / | ||
- | PACKAGE NAME: | ||
- | COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: | ||
- | UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 2.0M | ||
- | PACKAGE LOCATION: / | ||
- | PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: | ||
- | wget: wget (a non-interactive network retriever) | ||
- | wget: | ||
- | wget: GNU Wget is a free network utility to retrieve files from the | ||
- | wget: World Wide Web using HTTP and FTP, the two most widely used Internet | ||
- | wget: protocols. | ||
- | wget: background after having logged off. | ||
- | wget: | ||
- | wget: The author of Wget is Hrvoje Niksic < | ||
- | wget: | ||
- | wget: | ||
- | wget: | ||
- | FILE LIST: | ||
- | ./ | ||
- | install/ | ||
- | install/ | ||
- | install/ | ||
- | usr/ | ||
- | usr/bin/ | ||
- | usr/ | ||
- | usr/man/ | ||
- | usr/ | ||
- | usr/ | ||
- | usr/info/ | ||
- | usr/ | ||
- | ... | ||
- | </ | ||
- | ==== Managing Slackware packages with slackpkg ==== | ||
- | The '' | ||
- | A few remarks: | ||
- | - Only official Slackware packages are handled by '' | ||
- | - Third-party packages can be managed if you use Matteo Rossini' | ||
- | - Dependencies still have to be managed manually. | ||
- | === Initial configuration === | ||
- | |||
- | Edit ''/ | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # / | ||
- | ... | ||
- | # FRANCE (FR) | ||
- | ftp:// | ||
- | # http:// | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <note warning> | ||
- | |||
- | If you prefer managing packages locally without the benefit of updates, you can still use the Slackware installation DVD as a package source. In that case, you will have to configure the default mount point: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # / | ||
- | ... | ||
- | # | ||
- | # Local CD/DVD drive | ||
- | # | ||
- | cdrom:// | ||
- | ... | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Don't forget to mount the DVD before calling '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Update the information on available packages: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg update | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | |||
- | <note tip> | ||
- | |||
- | === Installing packages === | ||
- | |||
- | Example with a single package: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg install mplayerplug-in | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Confirm the installation in the subsequent screen, and the package is automatically downloaded and installed. | ||
- | |||
- | You can also provide several packages as an argument: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg install mplayerplug-in bittorrent | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | You can also manage whole package groups: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg install kde | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Another example for package groups: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg install xfce | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Remove packages === | ||
- | |||
- | Example with a single package: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg remove mplayerplug-in | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | As above, confirm the removal of the package in the subsequent screen. | ||
- | |||
- | Remove several packages at once: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg remove mplayerplug-in bittorrent | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Likewise, you can remove a whole package group: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg remove kde | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Or: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg remove xfce | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Upgrading packages === | ||
- | |||
- | When a package update is available, you can install it using the following command: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg upgrade iptables | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Update several packages at once: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg upgrade mozilla-firefox mozilla-thunderbird | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | It is common practice to keep your whole system up to date: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg upgrade-all | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Search for specific packages or files === | ||
- | |||
- | Search for a specific package: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg search k3b | ||
- | Looking for k3b in package list. Please wait... DONE | ||
- | The list below shows all packages with name matching " | ||
- | [uninstalled] - k3b-2.0.2_20120226.git-i486-1 | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | If the package is already installed, here's what you get: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg search Terminal | ||
- | Looking for Terminal in package list. Please wait... DONE | ||
- | The list below shows all packages with name matching " | ||
- | [ installed ] - Terminal-0.4.8-i486-1 | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | You can also search for individual files. The search will eventually display on or several packages containing the file in question: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg file-search libncurses.so | ||
- | Looking for libncurses.so in package list. Please wait... DONE | ||
- | The list below shows the packages that contains " | ||
- | [ installed ] - aaa_elflibs-14.0-i486-4 | ||
- | [ installed ] - ncurses-5.9-i486-1 | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | If you want to know more about the content of a package: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg info mesa | ||
- | |||
- | PACKAGE NAME: mesa-8.0.4-i486-1.txz | ||
- | PACKAGE LOCATION: | ||
- | PACKAGE SIZE (compressed): | ||
- | PACKAGE SIZE (uncompressed): | ||
- | PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: | ||
- | mesa: mesa (a 3-D graphics library) | ||
- | mesa: | ||
- | mesa: Mesa is a 3-D graphics library with an API very similar to that of | ||
- | mesa: another well-known 3-D graphics library. | ||
- | mesa: used by X to provide both software and hardware accelerated graphics. | ||
- | mesa: | ||
- | mesa: Mesa was written by Brian Paul. | ||
- | mesa: | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Cleaning the system === | ||
- | |||
- | Remove all third-party packages: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg clean-system | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | If you decide to keep some of the packages, simply unselect them in the subsequent screen. | ||
- | |||
- | You can also use '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg file-search glxgears | ||
- | Looking for glxgears in package list. Please wait... DONE | ||
- | The list below shows the packages that contains " | ||
- | [ installed ] - mesa-8.0.4-i486-1 | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | With this information, | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # slackpkg reinstall mesa | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | ==== Rebuild official packages ==== | ||
- | |||
- | Slackware provides the entire system' | ||
- | |||
- | * the source code for the application or the library; | ||
- | * its fabrication recipe in the shape of a '' | ||
- | * the package description in a '' | ||
- | * eventually, a post-installation script named '' | ||
- | * various other files like patches, custom menu entries, etc. | ||
- | |||
- | === Build a package from source === | ||
- | |||
- | In the example below, we will build the '' | ||
- | |||
- | <note warning> | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # removepkg Terminal | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Choose an appropriate place on your system to store the source code and the scripts, for example: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # cd | ||
- | # mkdir -pv source/ | ||
- | mkdir: created directory ' | ||
- | mkdir: created directory ' | ||
- | # cd source/ | ||
- | # links mirrors.slackware.com | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Fetch the content from the '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # ls -lh | ||
- | total 1,4M | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 821 nov. 24 15:09 slack-desc | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1,4M nov. 24 15:11 Terminal-0.4.8.tar.xz | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3,6K nov. 24 15:10 Terminal.SlackBuild | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Make the '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # chmod +x Terminal.SlackBuild | ||
- | # ./ | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | The script initiates the package compilation. If everything goes as expected, the operation exits with the following message: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | Slackware package / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Now we can install the resulting package: | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # installpkg / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Modifier un paquet officiel === | ||
- | |||
- | L' | ||
- | |||
- | Pour commencer, supprimer le paquet s'il est installé : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # removepkg audacious-plugins | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Ensuite, créer un endroit pour ranger le code source : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # cd / | ||
- | # mkdir audacious-plugins | ||
- | # cd audacious-plugins | ||
- | # links mirrors.slackware.com | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Récupérer le contenu du répertoire '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # chmod +x audacious-plugins.SlackBuild | ||
- | # ls -lh | ||
- | total 1,4M | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1,4M nov. 24 15:28 audacious-plugins-3.3.1.tar.xz | ||
- | -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4,0K nov. 24 15:28 audacious-plugins.SlackBuild* | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 892 nov. 24 15:28 slack-desc | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Maintenant, éditer '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | ... | ||
- | # Configure: | ||
- | CFLAGS=" | ||
- | CXXFLAGS=" | ||
- | ./configure \ | ||
- | --prefix=/ | ||
- | --libdir=/ | ||
- | --sysconfdir=/ | ||
- | --mandir=/ | ||
- | --enable-amidiplug \ | ||
- | --disable-gtkui \ -> ajouter cette option | ||
- | --program-prefix= \ | ||
- | --program-suffix= \ | ||
- | ${ARCHOPTS} \ | ||
- | --build=$ARCH-slackware-linux | ||
- | ... | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Il ne reste plus qu'à construire et installer le paquet : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # ./ | ||
- | ... | ||
- | Slackware package / | ||
- | # installpkg / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Choisir les options de compilation === | ||
- | |||
- | Le script de configuration des sources (plus exactement la ligne à rallonge qui commence par '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | ... | ||
- | # Configure: | ||
- | CFLAGS=" | ||
- | CXXFLAGS=" | ||
- | ./configure \ | ||
- | --prefix=/ | ||
- | --libdir=/ | ||
- | --sysconfdir=/ | ||
- | --mandir=/ | ||
- | --enable-amidiplug \ | ||
- | --program-prefix= \ | ||
- | --program-suffix= \ | ||
- | ${ARCHOPTS} \ | ||
- | --build=$ARCH-slackware-linux | ||
- | |||
- | exit 1 -> ajouter cette commande pour interrompre le script | ||
- | |||
- | # Build and install: | ||
- | make $NUMJOBS || make || exit 1 | ||
- | make install DESTDIR=$PKG || exit 1 | ||
- | ... | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Lancer le script, qui affichera un résumé de la configuration au bout de | ||
- | quelques secondes : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # ./ | ||
- | ... | ||
- | Configuration: | ||
- | | ||
- | ... | ||
- | |||
- | Interfaces | ||
- | ---------- | ||
- | GTK (gtkui): | ||
- | Winamp Classic (skins): | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Les options de configuration sont toutes fournies par le code source lui-même : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # tar xvf audacious-plugins-3.3.1.tar.xz | ||
- | # cd audacious-plugins-3.3.1 | ||
- | # ./configure --help | less | ||
- | ... | ||
- | --disable-speedpitch | ||
- | --disable-gtkui | ||
- | --disable-skins | ||
- | --disable-lyricwiki | ||
- | ... | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <note tip>Le script se charge déjà de décompresser les sources automatiquement dans ''/ | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | |||
- | Une fois qu'on a choisi toutes les options de configuration, | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # ./ | ||
- | ... | ||
- | Slackware package / | ||
- | # installpkg / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | ==== Compiler des paquets tiers ==== | ||
- | |||
- | Comparé à des distributions comme Ubuntu ou Debian, Slackware n' | ||
- | |||
- | Le portail SlackBuilds.org (http:// | ||
- | |||
- | | ||
- | === Compiler des paquets à partir des scripts de SlackBuilds.org === | ||
- | |||
- | Dans l' | ||
- | |||
- | Aller dans l' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # cd / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | À partir de là, télécharger : | ||
- | |||
- | - l' | ||
- | - l' | ||
- | |||
- | Concrètement : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # links http:// | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | - Dans le champ de recherche en haut à gauche, taper '' | ||
- | - Dans la page des résultats de la recherche, suivre le lien '' | ||
- | - Sur la page de '' | ||
- | |||
- | <note tip> | ||
- | |||
- | Voici nos deux archives téléchargées : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # ls -l cowsay* | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15136 nov. 25 08:14 cowsay-3.03.tar.gz | ||
- | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2855 nov. 25 08:14 cowsay.tar.gz | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Décompresser l' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # tar xvzf cowsay.tar.gz | ||
- | cowsay/ | ||
- | cowsay/ | ||
- | cowsay/ | ||
- | cowsay/ | ||
- | cowsay/ | ||
- | cowsay/ | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | À la limite, on peut faire un peu de ménage et supprimer l' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # rm -f cowsay.tar.gz | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Puis, déplacer le code source dans le répertoire nouvellement créé : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # mv -v cowsay-3.03.tar.gz cowsay/ | ||
- | « cowsay-3.03.tar.gz » -> « cowsay/ | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Voici ce que l'on doit avoir : | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # tree cowsay | ||
- | cowsay | ||
- | |-- cowsay-3.03.tar.gz | ||
- | |-- cowsay.info | ||
- | |-- cowsay.SlackBuild | ||
- | |-- cowsay.SlackBuild.patch | ||
- | |-- README | ||
- | `-- slack-desc | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Changer dans le répertoire, | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # cd cowsay/ | ||
- | # ls -l cowsay.SlackBuild | ||
- | -rwxr-xr-x 1 kikinovak users 1475 mai | ||
- | # ./ | ||
- | ... | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Là encore, si tout se passe bien, l' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | ... | ||
- | Slackware package / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Il ne reste qu'à installer ce paquet avec '' | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | # installpkg / | ||
- | # cowsay Et voilà ! | ||
- | | ||
- | < Et voilà ! > | ||
- | | ||
- | \ ^__^ | ||
- | | ||
- | (__)\ )\/\ | ||
- | ||----w | | ||
- | || || | ||
- | </ | ||
=== Gérer les dépendances de paquets === | === Gérer les dépendances de paquets === |