[2024-feb-29] Sad news: Eric Layton aka Nocturnal Slacker aka vtel57 passed away on Feb 26th, shortly after hospitalization. He was one of our Wiki's most prominent admins. He will be missed.
Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
Both sides previous revisionPrevious revisionNext revision | Previous revisionNext revisionBoth sides next revision | ||
wiki:user:kikinovak [2013/03/09 06:18 (UTC)] – kikinovak | wiki:user:kikinovak [2014/02/09 15:21 (UTC)] – kikinovak | ||
---|---|---|---|
Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
Stuff I'm currently working on, and which will eventually end up as a page in the Slackware Documentation Project. | Stuff I'm currently working on, and which will eventually end up as a page in the Slackware Documentation Project. | ||
- | ===== Software Management ===== | ||
- | ==== Anatomy of a Slackware package ==== | ||
- | A Slackware package is a simple TGZ or TXZ compressed archive containing: | ||
- | * the structure of files and directories ; | ||
- | * post-installation scripts ; | ||
- | * the package description. | ||
- | The name of every package | + | === Know more about the contents |
- | * the program name ; | + | Every package has a corresponding entry in ''/ |
- | * the program version ; | + | |
- | * the architecture of the package | + | |
- | * the build number. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Here's a few examples: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * '' | + | |
- | * '' | + | |
- | * '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ==== Manage Slackware packages using the traditional tools ==== | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Since its early releases, Slackware provides a collection of simple tools - the '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * '' | + | |
- | * '' | + | |
- | * '' | + | |
- | * '' | + | |
- | * '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Installing software packages === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Install the Emacs editor from the Slackware DVD ((if it's not already installed)): | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # mount /dev/cdrom / | + | |
- | # cd / | + | |
- | # installpkg emacs-24.2-i486-1.txz | + | |
- | Verifying package emacs-24.2-i486-1.txz. | + | |
- | Installing package emacs-24.2-i486-1.txz [ADD]: | + | |
- | PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: | + | |
- | # emacs (GNU Emacs) | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | # Emacs is the extensible, customizable, | + | |
- | # display editor. If this seems to be a bit of a mouthful, an | + | |
- | # easier explanation is that Emacs is a text editor and more. At | + | |
- | # its core is an interpreter for Emacs Lisp, a dialect of the Lisp | + | |
- | # programming language with extensions to support text editing. | + | |
- | # This version supports X. | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | # http:// | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | Executing install script for emacs-24.2-i486-1.txz. | + | |
- | Package emacs-24.2-i486-1.txz installed. | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | <note tip>If you're using the CD set, Emacs is on the first CD.</ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Checking if a package is installed === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | The package install | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # ls / | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Knowing if a package is installed boils down to checking if the corresponding entry in ''/ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # ls / | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Firefox is installed on the system, in version 15.0.1. Another example : | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # ls / | + | |
- | /bin/ls: impossible d' | + | |
- | dossier de ce type | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | There is no package '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Removing a package === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Une '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # removepkg emacs | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | It's also possible to provide the complete name as an argument. In that case, it's better to call the command from within ''/ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # cd / | + | |
- | # removepkg emacs-24.2-i486-1 | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Upgrading a package === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Slackware fournit des mises à jour de sécurité des paquets pour chaque version. Pour se renseigner sur les dernières actualités autour des mises à jour, visiter le site officiel : | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # links http:// | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | - Suivre le lien '' | + | |
- | - Repérer '' | + | |
- | - Lire le fichier '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | On pourra également utiliser le navigateur Links pour récupérer les mises à jour manuellement. Avant de lancer Links, créer un répertoire ''/ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # cd | + | |
- | # mkdir updates | + | |
- | # cd updates/ | + | |
- | # links mirrors.slackware.com | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | - Suivre le lien '' | + | |
- | - Repérer le répertoire correspondant à la version et à l' | + | |
- | - Aller dans le répertoire '' | + | |
- | - Télécharger les mises à jour disponibles. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Quitter Links et installer les mises à jour comme ceci : | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # upgradepkg bind-9.9.1_P4-i486-1_slack14.0.txz | + | |
- | + | ||
- | +============================================================================== | + | |
- | | Upgrading bind-9.9.1_P3-i486-1 package using ./ | + | |
- | +============================================================================== | + | |
- | Pre-installing package bind-9.9.1_P4-i486-1_slack14.0... | + | |
- | Removing package / | + | |
- | --> Deleting / | + | |
- | --> Deleting / | + | |
- | --> Deleting / | + | |
- | ... | + | |
- | Verifying package bind-9.9.1_P4-i486-1_slack14.0.txz. | + | |
- | Installing package bind-9.9.1_P4-i486-1_slack14.0.txz: | + | |
- | PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: | + | |
- | bind (DNS server and utilities) | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | # The named daemon and support utilities such as dig, host, and | + | |
- | # nslookup. | + | |
- | # nameserver are included. | + | |
- | # setup can be found in / | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | Executing install script for bind-9.9.1_P4-i486-1_slack14.0.txz. | + | |
- | Package bind-9.9.1_P4-i486-1_slack14.0.txz installed. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Package bind-9.9.1_P3-i486-1 upgraded with new package | + | |
- | ./ | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Autre exemple : | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | # upgradepkg iptables-1.4.14-i486-2_slack14.0.txz | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === En savoir plus sur le contenu d'un paquet === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | À chaque paquet installé correspond une entrée dans ''/ | + | |
< | < | ||
Line 250: | Line 89: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ==== Gérer les paquets | + | ==== Managing |
- | L' | + | The '' |
- | Deux mises en garde s' | + | A few remarks: |
- | - Seuls les paquets officiels sont gérés par '' | + | - Only official Slackware packages are handled by '' |
- | - La gestion des dépendances reste toujours à la charge de l'administrateur. | + | - Third-party packages can be managed if you use Matteo Rossini's '' |
+ | - Dependencies still have to be managed manually. | ||
+ | === Initial configuration === | ||
- | === Configuration initiale === | + | Edit ''/ |
- | + | ||
- | Éditer | + | |
< | < | ||
Line 272: | Line 111: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | <note warning>Attention à ne pas se tromper de section | + | <note warning>If you are using a stable release of Slackware, don't get the section |
- | Si l'on préfère gérer les paquets localement et faire fi des mises à jour, on peut également utiliser le DVD d'installation | + | If you prefer managing packages locally without the benefit of updates, you can still use the Slackware |
< | < | ||
Line 286: | Line 125: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Ne pas oublier de monter le DVD avant chaque invocation de '' | + | Don't forget to mount the DVD before calling |
< | < | ||
Line 292: | Line 131: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Mettre à jour les informations sur les paquets disponibles | + | Update the information on available packages: |
< | < | ||
Line 298: | Line 137: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | < | + | < |
- | <note tip>Avant de rechercher, d'installer ou de mettre à jour un paquet, c'est une bonne idée d' | + | <note tip>It's always a good idea to invoke |
+ | === Installing packages === | ||
- | === Installer des paquets === | + | Example with a single package: |
- | + | ||
- | Exemple avec un seul paquet | + | |
< | < | ||
Line 311: | Line 149: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Il suffit de confirmer l'installation | + | Confirm the installation |
- | On peut également fournir plusieurs paquets en argument : | + | You can also provide several packages as an argument: |
< | < | ||
Line 319: | Line 157: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Les groupes de paquets sont également gérés | + | You can also manage whole package groups: |
< | < | ||
Line 325: | Line 163: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Ou encore | + | Another example for package groups: |
< | < | ||
Line 331: | Line 169: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | === Supprimer des paquets | + | === Remove packages |
- | Exemple avec un seul paquet | + | Example with a single package: |
< | < | ||
Line 339: | Line 177: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Là aussi, il suffit de confirmer la suppression dans l' | + | As above, confirm the removal of the package in the subsequent screen. |
- | Supprimer plusieurs paquets à la fois : | + | Remove several packages at once: |
< | < | ||
Line 347: | Line 185: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Les groupes de paquets sont également gérés pour la suppression | + | Likewise, you can remove a whole package group: |
< | < | ||
Line 353: | Line 191: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Ou encore | + | Or: |
< | < | ||
Line 359: | Line 197: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | === Mettre à jour des paquets | + | === Upgrading packages |
- | Lorsqu' | + | When a package update is available, you can install it using the following command: |
- | ceci : | + | |
< | < | ||
Line 368: | Line 205: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | De même pour plusieurs paquets | + | Update several packages at once: |
< | < | ||
Line 374: | Line 211: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Dans la pratique quotidienne, | + | It is common practice to keep your whole system up to date: |
< | < | ||
Line 380: | Line 217: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | === Rechercher des paquets ou des fichiers individuels | + | === Search for specific packages or files === |
- | Rechercher un paquet spécifique | + | Search for a specific package: |
< | < | ||
Line 391: | Line 228: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Si le paquet est déjà installé, on obtiendra le résultat suivant | + | If the package is already installed, here's what you get: |
< | < | ||
Line 400: | Line 237: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | On peut également chercher des fichiers individuels, | + | You can also search for individual files. The search will eventually display on or several packages containing the file in question: |
< | < | ||
Line 410: | Line 247: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Si l'on veut en savoir plus sur le contenu d'un paquet | + | If you want to know more about the content of a package: |
< | < | ||
Line 430: | Line 267: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | === Faire le ménage | + | === Cleaning the system |
- | Supprimer tous les paquets tiers qui ne font pas partie de la distribution officielle | + | Remove all third-party packages: |
< | < | ||
Line 438: | Line 275: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Dans l' | + | If you decide to keep some of the packages, simply unselect them in the subsequent screen. |
- | On peut également se servir de '' | + | You can also use '' |
< | < | ||
Line 449: | Line 286: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | À partir de là, il me suffit de réinstaller le paquet en question | + | With this information, I can simply reinstall the package: |
< | < | ||
Line 455: | Line 292: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ==== Recompiler des paquets officiels | + | ==== Rebuild official packages |
+ | |||
+ | Slackware provides the entire system' | ||
- | Slackware fournit le code source | + | * the source |
+ | * its fabrication recipe in the shape of a '' | ||
+ | * the package description in a '' | ||
+ | * eventually, a post-installation script named '' | ||
+ | * various other files like patches, custom menu entries, etc. | ||
- | * le code source | + | === Build a package from source |
- | * sa recette de fabrication sous forme de fichier '' | + | |
- | * le descriptif du paquet, nommé '' | + | |
- | * parfois, un fichier post-installation nommé '' | + | |
- | * d' | + | |
- | === Fabriquer un paquet à partir du code source | + | In the example below, we will build the '' |
- | Dans l' | + | <note warning> |
< | < | ||
Line 473: | Line 312: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Choisir un endroit pour ranger le code source | + | Choose an appropriate place on your system to store the source |
< | < | ||
# cd | # cd | ||
# mkdir -pv source/ | # mkdir -pv source/ | ||
- | mkdir: | + | mkdir: |
- | mkdir: | + | mkdir: |
# cd source/ | # cd source/ | ||
# links mirrors.slackware.com | # links mirrors.slackware.com | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Récupérer le contenu de '' | + | Fetch the content from the '' |
< | < | ||
Line 494: | Line 333: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Rendre le fichier | + | Make the '' |
< | < | ||
Line 501: | Line 340: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Le script | + | The script |
< | < | ||
Line 507: | Line 346: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Il ne reste plus qu'à installer ce paquet | + | Now we can install the resulting package: |
< | < | ||
Line 878: | Line 717: | ||
* ibid., Installing Programs from Source Code, 55-57 | * ibid., Installing Programs from Source Code, 55-57 | ||
- | *********************************************************** | + | ----- |
===== Gestion des paquets logiciels ===== | ===== Gestion des paquets logiciels ===== |