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slackware:localization [2012/11/10 20:57 (UTC)] – [Mozilla-Thunderbird] markush | slackware:localization [2012/12/14 14:56 (UTC)] – [Setting the console font] Fixed a typo. Thanx elesmod for the report. bocke | ||
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Contrary to other distributions, | Contrary to other distributions, | ||
During installation you have only the choice of keyboard-layout for the console and can choose support for UTF-8 in the console (which is done in lilo.conf with a kernel-parameter). | During installation you have only the choice of keyboard-layout for the console and can choose support for UTF-8 in the console (which is done in lilo.conf with a kernel-parameter). | ||
- | However, it is not hard to localize your Slackware system so that it displays commands in your own language and uses a graphical desktop environment which is using your language, metrics system and other localizations.\\ | + | However, it is not hard to localize your Slackware system so that it displays commands in your own language and uses a graphical desktop environment which is using your language, metrics system and other localizations. |
There are several settings which more or less are independent from each other. The keyboard-layout for the console can be chosen during installation, | There are several settings which more or less are independent from each other. The keyboard-layout for the console can be chosen during installation, | ||
The environment-variable $LANG can be set system wide or "per user", it (roughly spoken) defines which language applications use when they interact with the user. | The environment-variable $LANG can be set system wide or "per user", it (roughly spoken) defines which language applications use when they interact with the user. | ||
- | Also it is important to distinguish if the computer boots to Unilever | + | Also it is important to distinguish if the computer boots to run level 3 (console) or run level 4 (with X11). |
===== The Timezone ===== | ===== The Timezone ===== | ||
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Slackware has a profile script which allows you to set the system' | Slackware has a profile script which allows you to set the system' | ||
- | / | + | / |
(users of C-shell and derivatives must edit ''/ | (users of C-shell and derivatives must edit ''/ | ||
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Reboot your system to apply changes. | Reboot your system to apply changes. | ||
- | // | + | //Note: liloconfig is also available from setup section of pkgtool.// |
- | //The kernel-parameter **" | ||
==== Setting the console font ==== | ==== Setting the console font ==== | ||
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{{: | {{: | ||
- | // | + | //Note: setconsolefont shows only a fixed list of fonts. Any additionally installed fonts won't appear on the list.// |
- | // | + | //Note: setconsolefont is also available from setup section of pkgtool.// |
- | //Console fonts are found in / | + | //Note: Console fonts are found in / |
==== Temporarily changing the font ==== | ==== Temporarily changing the font ==== | ||
- | You can temporary change the font by using setfont utility (part of kbd package). If you specify non-unicode font under Unicode | + | You can temporary change the font by using setfont utility (part of kbd package). If you specify non-unicode font under unicode |
//Note that **setconsolefont also uses setfont internally**. so this applies to it too.// | //Note that **setconsolefont also uses setfont internally**. so this applies to it too.// | ||
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==== Loading a custom console keymap ==== | ==== Loading a custom console keymap ==== | ||
- | You can use setkeys tool to setup the current keymap. | + | You can use setkeys tool to setup the current keymap. |
< | < | ||
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Keymaps are located in / | Keymaps are located in / | ||
- | Keymap files are compressed textual descriptions and are easily viewable with zcat. IE: | + | Keymap files are compressed textual descriptions and are easily viewable with zcat. For example: |
< | < | ||
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==== Diagnostics ==== | ==== Diagnostics ==== | ||
- | You can check if the current console is properly configured for Unicode. | + | You can check if the current console is properly configured for unicode. |
Run stty with " | Run stty with " | ||
< | < | ||
- | If you see " | + | If you see " |
Run kbd_mode without arguments: | Run kbd_mode without arguments: | ||
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===== X11 Locales ===== | ===== X11 Locales ===== | ||
- | When your computer boots into runlevel 4 and uses one of the login-managers gdm, kdm or xdm, the ~/.profile file is sourced in any case. This means if your system uses "per user" settings (as described above) for $LANG, this settings remain valid in X11. The windowmanagers | + | When your computer boots into runlevel 4 and uses one of the login-managers |
When you startx from runlevel 3 your $LANG-settings from the console are applied to the windowmanager. | When you startx from runlevel 3 your $LANG-settings from the console are applied to the windowmanager. | ||
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===== X11 keyboard setup ===== | ===== X11 keyboard setup ===== | ||
- | The keyboard layout for the X-Window system is independent from the keyboard layout of the console | + | The keyboard layout for the X-Window system is independent from the keyboard layout of the textual |
- | **Keep in mind:** desktop environments might use their own layout | + | **Keep in mind: |
If you want a non-English keyboard-layout with X, you'll have to adapt the config files. The generic config-files are in / | If you want a non-English keyboard-layout with X, you'll have to adapt the config files. The generic config-files are in / | ||
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**Why is this useful?** \\ | **Why is this useful?** \\ | ||
* Several people use one computer but prefer different keyboard layouts. | * Several people use one computer but prefer different keyboard layouts. | ||
- | * People use another script (e.g. Chinese | + | * People use another script (e.g. Greek or Cyrillic), they' |
Therefore this configuration can be very important although many people will never have to use it. | Therefore this configuration can be very important although many people will never have to use it. | ||
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You can find out your current settings of the keyboard-layout in X11 with the command < | You can find out your current settings of the keyboard-layout in X11 with the command < | ||
+ | An overview of setxkbmap is available with < | ||
- | The language of the keyboard layout can be simply set with (the following examplelines refer to German language with variant " | + | The language |
- | < | + | < |
+ | setxkbmap -variant nodeadkeys</ | ||
+ | == Where to place the code? == | ||
+ | If your system boots into **runlevel 3**, which means that you login on the console and then startx, you can put the above code at the top of your ** ~/ | ||
+ | If your system boots into **runlevel 4** and you login with login-manager like gdm, kdm or xdm, you should insert it to your ** ~/ | ||
- | Other settings as for example the " | ||
- | < | ||
- | |||
- | For an overview of '' | ||
- | < | ||
- | |||
- | The disadvantage of the setxkbmap command is that it overwrites any previous keyboard-settings for userland-programs. Therefore it is necessary to execute the setxkbmap commands //before// any other settings for the keyboard-layout are made. | ||
- | You can put your keyboard settings into a little shellscript and call it e.g. my-keymap.sh. | ||
- | < | ||
- | setxkbmap de | ||
- | setxkbmap -variant nodeadkeys</ | ||
- | Be sure to make it executeable | ||
- | < | ||
- | If your system boots into runlevel 3, which means that you login on the console and then startx, you can put the script at the top of your .xinitrc. | ||
- | If your system boots into runlevel 4 and you login with login-manager like gdm, kdm or xdm, you should place the script into your ~/ | ||
- | This file is sourced by any of the login-managers. Please note that ~/.xprofile isn't created by default, you must create it by yourself. | ||
- | Example: | ||
- | < | ||
- | ~/ | ||
- | You can of course put the setxkbmap settings directly into your .xinitrc or .xprofile respectively! | ||
===== Desktop Environments ===== | ===== Desktop Environments ===== | ||
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When you're running KDE you'll have to install the language-package (l10n-packages) for your language. The KDE l10n-packages reside in the kdei series. If you download Slackware from a mirror, be sure not to download all of the l10n-packages but only the ones you need, there' | When you're running KDE you'll have to install the language-package (l10n-packages) for your language. The KDE l10n-packages reside in the kdei series. If you download Slackware from a mirror, be sure not to download all of the l10n-packages but only the ones you need, there' | ||
- | //The following settings are not necessary when you startx from runlevel 3 and have your language settings already applied.// In this case KDE takes the settings from your environment. | + | //Note: The following settings are not necessary when you startx from runlevel 3 and have your language settings already applied.// In this case KDE takes the settings from your environment. |
When the l10n-package is installed and you start KDE for the first time, open the launcher and click on < | When the l10n-package is installed and you start KDE for the first time, open the launcher and click on < |