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—es:howtos:software:texlive [2019/02/28 01:54 (UTC)] (actual) – creado slackwarespanol
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 +<!-- Add your text below. We strongly advise to start with a Headline (see button bar above). -->
 +====== The native TeX Live integration ======
  
 +Tex Live is nowadays the last maintained TeX distribution. Due to its size,
 +it is not provided in the Slackware's official repository. That's why many
 +(most of?) people use the dedicated SlackBuild from
 +[[http://slackbuilds.org/|SlackBuilds.org]] to get it as a huge complete
 +monolithic package.
 +
 +Of course, this solution is a good one, as everybody will then get a
 +perfectly integrated package, able to feed far more needs than you would
 +look for. Nevertheless, as always there are two faces on the coin. First,
 +it's huge, //really// huge, easily more than a whole customized system.
 +Second, it's not flexible: once it's installed, you can't update its
 +contents, which means you are stuck with the potential bugs you may
 +encounter until the next major release, possibly for a whole year.
 +
 +That's why this tutorial will try to show you how to obtain a more
 +updatable and customizable installation, using the native upstream TeX Live
 +distribution. The idea is to put it in its dedicated directory, then manage
 +it with its own tools. Of course it will not be as proper as an orthodox
 +package, but, we will see, not as dirty as it sounds first.
 +
 +
 +===== Prepare the TeX Live sanctuary =====
 +
 +Here, we will make a place for the future TeX Live installation. The first
 +thing we need is someone to manage it, a user which will be the only one
 +to deal with the TeX package repositories. We could of course use ''root''
 +for this, but this is not a good idea, because granting the right to write
 +everywhere to a third party system is not secure at all. That's why we'll
 +create a dedicated system user (ie. a user without any shell to login):
 +
 +<code># useradd -rU -c "The TeX Live user" -d / -s /bin/false tluser</code>
 +
 +Right. Now, we make the unique place where our new ''tluser'' will be
 +allowed to write (YYYY refers to the TeX Live's version, which is the year
 +each one is released, replace it with the one you aim):
 +
 +<code># mkdir /opt/texlive-YYYY/
 +# chown tluser:tluser /opt/texlive-YYYY/
 +# ln -sf texlive-YYYY /opt/texlive</code>
 +
 +The last command creates a generic symlink, which will be useful when
 +upgrading the installation, allowing the old release to temporarily stand
 +beside the new.
 +
 +Installed here though, our TeX Live will be almost useless, because no one will
 +have it in his ''PATH''. We therefore add the two suitable scripts into
 +''/etc/profile.d'', respectively named ''texlive.sh'' and ''texlive.csh'':
 +
 +<file bash texlive.sh>#!/bin/sh
 +if [ ! "$(id -u)" = "0" ]; then
 +  PATH=$(echo $PATH | sed 's#:\.\?$##;s#$#:/opt/texlive/bin/i386-linux:.#')
 +  export PATH
 +fi
 +</file>
 +
 +<file bash texlive.csh>#!/bin/csh
 +if ( `id -u` != "0" ) then 
 +  setenv PATH `echo $PATH | sed 's#:\.\?$##;s#$#:/opt/texlive/bin/i386-linux:.#'`
 +endif
 +</file>
 +
 +As you can see, in both we insert the new directory at the end of the
 +''PATH''. This is because we want to use our system's binaries rather than
 +the ones shipped by the TeX live distribution.
 +
 +You've maybe also noticed this addition won't be made to the ''root'''s
 +''PATH''. It's once again normal, because ''root'' is not intended to
 +execute these binaries, we want to use him only to administer our TeX Live
 +installation. More precisely, we want him to use the ''tluser'' we created to
 +perform this. That's why the only thing ''root'' should have in his path is a
 +wrapper for ''tlmgr'', the native TeX Live manager. Here it is:
 +
 +<file bash tlmgr>#!/bin/sh
 +
 +if [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]; then
 +    echo "(E) Only root can use this script." >&2
 +    exit 1
 +fi
 +
 +# tluser must use the TeX Live binaries rather than the system's ones.
 +export PATH=/opt/texlive/bin/i386-linux:/bin:/usr/bin
 +exec sudo -u tluser tlmgr "$@"
 +</file>
 +
 +We put it in ''/usr/sbin'', then we ensure it is executable:
 +
 +<code># chmod 755 /usr/sbin/tlmgr</code>
 +
 +This completes the last step to setup our sanctuary. Now let's see how to
 +get the lion into it.
 +
 +===== Install the native TeX Live =====
 +
 +As you probably don't plan to install all of its components, it is better
 +to perform a network installation. 
 +[[http://www.tug.org/texlive/acquire-netinstall.html|Get the Unix network
 +installer tarball]], untar it, enter the directory and run it **as
 +''tluser''** (this last step requiring to be ''root''):
 +
 +<code>$ tar xf install-tl-unx.tar.gz -C /tmp
 +$ cd /tmp/install-tl-YYYYMMDD
 +$ su
 +Password:
 +# sudo -u tluser ./install-tl
 +</code>
 +
 +A text menu will be displayed, providing configuration items you select by
 +passing letters or numbers. The only required setting is the
 +final installation directory: enter the ''directories'' section then
 +specify our sanctuary (''/opt/texlive-YYYY'') as ''TEXDIR''. Beyond, you're
 +the cook! Personally, I select the basic scheme in ''installation scheme'',
 +deselect all the languages except mine in ''language collections'', and 
 +disable source and doc tree installation in ''option''. Once I've
 +installed the few packages and fonts I need over this, I get a ~80M big TeX
 +Live installation. If you nevertheless prefer a more complete
 +thing, you can pick up in ''installation scheme'' a replacement for the
 +teTeX historically provided by Slackware. Once you are done, order to
 +''start installation to hard disk''.
 +
 +
 +===== Manage the native TeX Live ===== 
 +
 +It is time to learn a little bit more about ''tlmgr'', the //TeX Live
 +Manager//. This section is just a kick-starter explaining how to perform
 +the more common tasks, though. To get a complete description, read ''tlmgr
 +<nowiki>--</nowiki>help''.
 +
 +The first thing you may want to have is a list of the installed
 +packages. Try:
 +
 +<code>$ tlmgr info --only-installed</code>
 +
 +To get an extension you miss, first identify the package it belongs to
 +(here we look for the ''fullpage'' extension):
 +
 +<code>$ tlmgr search --global --file fullpage
 +tlmgr: package repository http://...
 +context-fullpage:
 +    texmf-dist/doc/context/third/fullpage/README
 +    texmf-dist/doc/context/third/fullpage/fullpage-doc.pdf
 +    texmf-dist/tex/context/interface/third/t-fullpage.xml
 +    texmf-dist/tex/context/third/fullpage/t-fullpage.mkii
 +    texmf-dist/tex/context/third/fullpage/t-fullpage.mkiv
 +context-gnuplot:
 +    texmf-dist/doc/context/third/gnuplot/fullpage-example.pdf
 +    texmf-dist/doc/context/third/gnuplot/fullpage-example.tex
 +preprint:
 +    texmf-dist/doc/latex/preprint/fullpage.pdf
 +    texmf-dist/tex/latex/preprint/fullpage.sty
 +    texmf-dist/source/latex/preprint/fullpage.drv
 +    texmf-dist/source/latex/preprint/fullpage.dtx
 +    texmf-dist/source/latex/preprint/fullpage.ins
 +</code>
 +
 +Then, once you've found (in our example, we need the ''preprint'' package),
 +install it (remember you have to be ''root'' to add or modify anything):
 +
 +<code># tlmgr install preprint</code>
 +
 +To make a general update, first check for the potential ones:
 +
 +<code>$ tlmgr update --list</code>
 +
 +If there are some, order to first update ''tlmgr'' itself (it's always
 +better), then to perform the general updating of the packages:
 +
 +<code># tlmgr update --self --all</code>
 +
 +In the case you don't want to update all the packages, replace the
 +''<nowiki>--</nowiki>all'' option with the name(s) of the package(s) you aim. Last, removing
 +a package is trivially done with:
 +
 +<code># tlmgr remove <package></code>
 +
 +As you can see, there's not much to know in order to deal with a native TeX
 +Live installation, and it allows to really precisely specify what should be
 +done.
 +
 +===== Getting it packaged however =====
 +
 +Let's rather call this a //snapshot// then, a package you will keep
 +for you, to perform quick re-installations (keep in mind it doesn't make
 +sense to distribute it as long as it ships ''tlmgr''). Assuming you've
 +rigourously followed the instructions given all along this tutorial, here
 +is a ''tlshot'' named script, which should do the job: 
 +
 +<file bash tlshot>#!/bin/sh
 +#
 +# TLSHOT - make a package from the current native TeX Live installation.
 +#
 +
 +# Copyright (c) 2012, Sébastien Boillod <sbb at tuxfamily dot org>.
 +# 
 +# Permission to use copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
 +# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 +# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 +# 
 +# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 +# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 +# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
 +# SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 +# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 +# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR
 +# IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE
 +
 +snapvrs () {
 +    ls -1 "/var/log/packages/$1" 2>/dev/null | \
 +        awk -F- -v s="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" \
 +            '($2 ~ /[a-z]$/){sub(/[0-9]+/,"",$2);l=substr(s,index(s,$2)+1,1)}
 +            END{print "'"$1"'" ((l"") ? l : "a")}'
 +}
 +
 +export LC_ALL="C"
 +umask 022
 +set -e
 +tl="$(ls -l /opt/texlive | awk '{print $NF}')"
 +echo "Packaging /opt/$tl..."
 +
 +root="$(mktemp -d /opt/pkg-XXXXXX)"
 +mkdir -p "$root/opt" "$root/usr/sbin" "$root/etc/profile.d" "$root/install"
 +ln -s "$tl" "$root/opt/texlive"
 +cp /usr/sbin/tlmgr "$root/usr/sbin"
 +cp /etc/profile.d/texlive.*h "$root/etc/profile.d"
 +chmod +x "$root/etc/profile.d"/* "$root/usr/sbin"/*
 +cat >"$root/install/slack-desc" <<EOF
 +       |-----handy-ruler------------------------------------------------------|
 +texlive: texlive (native TeX Live distribution)
 +texlive:
 +texlive: This is a snapshot of the current native TeX Live installation.
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +texlive:
 +EOF
 +cd "$root"
 +# The installation might be *huge*. That's why we just move it
 +# in the FS (rename) instead of copying it.
 +mv "/opt/$tl" "$root/opt"
 +if ! /sbin/makepkg -l y -c n "${TMPDIR:-"/tmp/"}/$(snapvrs "$tl")-i386-1.txz"; then
 +    mv "$root/opt/$tl" /opt # ^^^ we ALWAYS move back the Tex Live.
 +else
 +    mv "$root/opt/$tl" /opt
 +fi
 +rm -rf "$root"
 +
 +# EoF</file>
 +
 +The result should be a package in ''/tmp'' (or the directory you've specified
 +through the ''TMPDIR'' environment variable), named
 +''texlive-YYYYX-i386-1.txz'', where ''YYYY'' is as usual the TeX Live's
 +version, and ''X'' is a lower letter dynamically attributed to distinguish a
 +snapshot from another. The TeX Live directory packaged is the one pointed
 +by the ''/opt/texlive'' symlink.
 +
 +If you choose to use snapshots, you'll probably want to disable the
 +automatic backups performed by ''tlmgr'' (it won't be very useful, while
 +consuming space and making the snapshots bigger):
 +
 +<code># tlmgr option autobackup 0</code>
 +
 +This time, we have reached the end of this tutorial. I hope you've
 +found something useful here, at least as a basis for your own cleverer
 +solutions. If what you've read so far has globally convinced you, it should not require
 +too much work to tune it according to your tastes. So, play with it and find
 +your perfect TeX Live installation!
 +
 +
 +
 +====== Sources ======
 +<!-- If you are copying information from another source, then specify that source -->
 +<!-- * Original source: [[http://some.website.org/some/page.html]] -->
 +<!-- Authors are allowed to give credit to themselves! -->
 +  * Originally written by [[wiki:user:vaporseb | Sébastien Boillod]] for the Slackware Documentation Project.
 +<!-- * Contributions by [[wiki:user:yyy | User Y]] -->
 +
 +<!-- Please do not modify anything below, except adding new tags.-->
 +<!-- You must remove the tag-word "template" below before saving your new page -->
 +{{tag>howtos texlive LaTeX author_vaporseb}}

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