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Instale Slackware en un CloudVPS por ArubaCloud
ArubaCloud ofrece excelentes servicios de VPS de bajo costo, desde 1 € / mes/ (al menos cuando se creó este artículo, febrero de 2018, consulte las limitaciones de ArubaCloud) . Este artículo hace referencia a la instalación de Slackware en CloudVPS servicio de alojamiento, que se basa en el hipervisor de virtualización VMware y utiliza varias plantillas de sistema operativo, y Slackware no se encuentra entre ellas. Como servicio de bajo costo, la instalación personalizada del sistema operativo y la administración con VMware Client no están disponibles. Puede solicitar una prueba gratuita aquí.
Esta guía no cubre Cloud Pro u otros servicios de ArubaCloud , ya que estos servicios pueden ofrecer herramientas adicionales que hacen que esta guía sea innecesaria. Alternativamente, esta guía puede usarse para otros servicios similares.
Requisitos previos
Suponiendo que desea un servidor Slackware alojado en ArubaCloud, esto es lo que necesita:
- Cuenta ArubaCloud
- Crédito suficiente para crear el CloudVPS que deseas.
- un espacio de alojamiento FTP con varios GB de espacio disponible y velocidad razonable.
- VMware Player en su computadora y al menos tanto espacio libre como el disco duro virtual de CloudVPS
Inicialización
Una vez que obtenga su cupón de prueba gratuito o haya adquirido un crédito, puede seguir la interfaz web de ArubaCloud para crear el CloudVPS de su elección. Con el cupón de prueba gratuito puede obtener 2 meses de prueba gratuita para CloudVPS Small ( 1xCPU, 1GB RAM, 1xETH, 20GB HDD, 2 TB de tráfico/mes ).
- Cargar crédito en su cuenta (vale de prueba gratuito o crédito de compra)
- crear VPS basado en una plantilla de sistema operativo predefinida
Esta guía se ha escrito utilizando una plantilla Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS 64bit .
Information gathering
Having the VPS up and running, and after receiving your access credentials, first write down some key information:
- HDD size and layout
- Public IP (of the VPS), including netmask, gateway
Preparations
Log in to the CloudVPS using SSH.
Show IP and netmask (write it down):
ip addr list
Show default gateway (write it down):
ip route list
Show nameservers (write it down):
cat /etc/resolv.conf
Show disk layout (write down the total disk size in blocks):
fdisk -l /dev/sda
Install ncftp package:
apt-get install ncftp
Optimize disk by overwriting all free space with zeros (helps with compression):
dd if=/dev/zero of=/ZERO bs=1M; rm /ZERO
Export an image of the Aruba created server
Perform it if you want to play at home with the Aruba generated server
Make sure you have enough free space in your FTP account. This will take up several GB of data.
cat /dev/sda | bzip2 | ncftpput -u USERNAME -p PASSWORD -c FTP_SERVER_ADDRESS /path/to/aruba_image_file.bz2
It is a rather dirty trick, but it works. The template contains only a bare-bones installation with minimal services running. You may check and see if there is any background daemon that might write much to the disk and stop it, but other then a few log entries, there isn't anything worth mentioning.
You can use this image to make tests on your local VMware Player, and also as a test for the FTP transfer. You need either a Linux Live CD or a running virtual machine with an installed Linux that includes ncftp package and a separate virtual HDD to fill with the image.
Slackware virtual machine
Create your own, local, virtual machine with VMware Player.
- Start Vmware Player
- Create new virtual machine
- “I will install the operating system later”
- Choose “Linux” and “Other Linux 3/4.x 64bit”
- Name it (ie. aruba_slack)
- Maximum disk size: same as VPS HDD size (in GB); store as single file
- proceed to finish.
Modify the virtual machine you just created as follows:
- Memory = 1GB
- Processors = 1 core
- CD/DVD = use ISO image (select slackware64-14.2-install-dvd.iso locally), connected at power-on
- Network adapter = NAT, connected at power-on
- Sound card = REMOVE
- Printer = REMOVE
Start the virtual machine.
- Enter the console (click in the VM display area)
- Proceed to install Slackware as you would on a physical server with the same characteristics of your cloud server. There are no exotic hardware or settings.
During the configuration phase, assign the proper hostname, but set it to obtain IP address via DHCP.
After the first start of your fresh Slackware installation, you should set up slackpkg and perform an update.
I'll leave additional software for later, to minimize the data transfer.
Exporting Slackware VM image
Make sure you have enough free space in your FTP account. This will take up several GB of data.
In your Slackware virtual machine:
- Stop all unneccesary services (inetd,sendmail,saslauthd,ntpd,httpd,sshd,syslog, etc)
- Optimize disk by overwriting all free space with zeros (helps with compression, the resulting image, as described here will be about 1.5GB):
dd if=/dev/zero of=/ZERO bs=1M; rm /ZERO
- Export disk image
cat /dev/sda | bzip2 | ncftpput -u USERNAME -p PASSWORD -c FTP_SERVER_ADDRESS /path/to/aruba_slack_image_file.bz2
It is a rather dirty trick, but it works.
Importing Slackware VM image into ArubaCloud
With the above step completed without error, you can proceed to inject the image into the ArubaCloud VPS.
- Log in to your ArubaCloud Control Panel.
- Go to “Cloud servers” → Management
- If your VPS is turned off, turn it on and wait until startup is completed (see progress indicator)
- Under “Actions”, select “Manage → Sign in”
- Open the recovery console. You'll get to see your server's console.
- log in to your server, as root
- ALTERNATELY you could ssh into it. Also use this method if you encounter problems with recovery console key-mappings.
- check running processes and stop any unnecessary daemons (cron, acpid, atd, fail2ban, rsyslog, open-vm-tools)
- you must also disable swap memory.
- run the following command:
ncftpget -u USERNAME -p PASSWORD -c FTP_SERVER_ADDRESS /path/to/aruba_slack_image_file.bz2 | bzip2 -d > /dev/sda
IMMEDIATELY after it finished successfully:
- Go to “Cloud servers” → Management
- Under “Actions”, select “Manage → Force switch off”
Start your Slackware ArubaCloud server:
- Go to “Cloud servers” → Management
- Under “Actions”, select “Manage → Switch on”
- wait for it to start
- Under “Actions”, select “Manage → Sign in”
- Open the recovery console. You'll get to see your server's console.
- log in to your server, as root
- run netconfig to set up the network according to ArubaCloud IP settings (your wrote them down earlier)
- just to make sure everything works properly, reboot your machine.
- restart the recovery console after reboot
- check that everything is ok
- check that you can log in remotely
Now you have a running Slackware64-14.2 in an ArubaClould VPS.
Additional configuration
Since it runs under VMware hypervisor, it is useful to have the VMware-tools installed. I recommend you install the open-source version from Slackbuilds: open-vm-tools.
After your install the package and start the tools, you can verify that it works properly by:
- Go to “Cloud servers” → Management
- Under “Actions”, select “Manage → Switch off”
This is the normal shutdown procedure initiated at the request of the hypervisor, received by open-vm-tools and performed in the guest OS to obtain a clean system shutdown.
The “Force switch off” is equivalent to pressing the power button on a physical computer.
Enjoy your Slackware VPS!
References
- ArubaCloud by Aruba S.p.A. (IT) - cloud services provider.
- open-vm-tools from Slackbuilds.org