[2024-feb-29] Sad news: Eric Layton aka Nocturnal Slacker aka vtel57 passed away on Feb 26th, shortly after hospitalization. He was one of our Wiki's most prominent admins. He will be missed.

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Превод у току!sinisa

Окружења Радне Површине

Радно окружење је графички слој између корисника и рачунара. У ЈУНИКС контексту, менаџер радне површине је графичко окружење које ради унутар Х сесије. Оно омогућава кориснику да путем миша и тастатуре приступи основним особинама оперативног система. Пуно окружење радне површине (за разлику од менаџера прозора) обично обезбеђује пакете програма за најчешћу употребу (приступ фајловима, претраживање интернета, штампање…). A desktop environment is a graphical layer between the user and the computer. In the UNIX context, a desktop manager is a graphical environment that runs inside an X session. It enables the user through mouse and keyboard interaction to access the underlying features of the operating systems. A full desktop environment (as opposed to a window manager) usually provides a set of software for the most common needs (file access, web browsing, printing…).

Окружење радне површине најчешће чине многе од следећих компоненти: A desktop environment usually consists of many of the following components:

  • Подразумевани менаџер прозора за управљање положаја и елементима прозора ( нека окружења радне површине могу бити у могућности да користе Менаџере Прозора треће-стране).
  • Менаџер сесија (за чување и враћање корисничких сесија)
  • Менаџер радне површине (за управљање корисниковом раном површином, тј. позадином, иконицама, вишеструким радним површинама итд.).
  • A native window manager to manage window placement and arrangements (some desktop environments may additionally be able to use third party Window Managers).
  • A session manager (to save and restore user's sessions).
  • A desktop manager (to manage the user's desktop, i.e. background, icons, multiple workspaces etc.)
  • A panel with menus for launching applications and additional widgets including notifications and messages.
  • A file browser.
  • A task manager to manage running applications and background tasks.
  • At least one basic graphical text editor (if not more).
  • Desktop configuration GUIs, including colours, themes, fonts etc.
  • Common utilities such as a terminal emulator, internet browser, power manager, bluetooth manager, network manager, clipboard handler and so on.
  • System administration GUIs for common admin tasks such as printer configuration, removable device auto-mount setup, file associations etc.
  • Several commonly desktop applications including media player, movie player, document viewer, graphics viewer etc.

In addition, Desktop Environments usually provide integration with features such as display and ACPI power management, useful for notebooks/laptops. Modern Desktop Environments also provide or integrate with a desktop compositing engine which allows for graphical special effects such as 3D flipping of workspaces, window translucency, simple animations and shadows, but this requires 3D hardware acceleration enabled and can consume additional system resources.

Available environments

Desktop environments available in Slackware can be classed as full or light-weight environments depending on the number of features they include. The more features an environment has, the more complete it is but also the more computer resources it uses. Light-weight environments come with a smaller set of features, usually just a unified look and feel, so you will need independent applications. For example a video player is not included like it is in KDE, but you can use xmms which is installed by default with Slackware.

Switching between available environments is done by running xwmconfig from a terminal prior to starting X.

Full environments

  • KDE: the K Desktop Environment.
  • XFCE: a full environment that is much more lightweight on the computer resources, based on the GTK toolkit.

Light-weight environments

  • FluxBox
  • BlackBox
  • WindowMaker
  • fvwm2
  • twm

Other environments

  • GNOME: since version 10.2, Gnome is no longer part of Slackware. Several community driven projects provide packages for those willing to use Gnome in Slackware.

Sources

 sr:slackware:desktop_environment ()
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