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howtos:general_admin:openrc [2017/02/17 18:06 (UTC)] – formatting changes aadityahowtos:general_admin:openrc [2021/09/12 22:18 (UTC)] (current) – [OpenRC] we default to using openrc as init in slackware aaditya
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 ====== OpenRC ====== ====== OpenRC ======
  
-OpenRC is a dependency based init system that works with the system provided init program, normally ///sbin/init// (which is svsvinit in Slackware). It is not a replacement for /sbin/init.+OpenRC is a dependency based init system.
  
-====== Features ======+===== Features =====
  
-OpenRC provides a number of features touted as innovative by recent init systems like systemd or upstart, such as hardware initiated initscript run or cgroups support, without requiring large layout changes to accommodate radically different designs and dependencies.+OpenRC provides a number of features like hardware initiated initscript run and cgroups support, without requiring large layout changes.
  
 ====== Installation ====== ====== Installation ======
  
-===== Pre installation =====+Two [[slackware:slackbuild_scripts|Slackbuilds]] are available, [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc/|openrc]], which contains the OpenRC init system, and [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc-services/|openrc-services]], which contains various services for use with OpenRC.
  
-The /etc/init.d directory (a symlink to ///etc/rc.d/init.d//) will need to be moved: +===== Post installation =====
-  # mv /etc/init.d /etc/init.d.bak+
  
-===== Installing =====+After installation, some steps are needed to boot with OpenRC.
  
-Two [[slackware:slackbuild_scripts|Slackbuilds]] are available, [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc/|openrc]], which contains the OpenRC init system, and [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc-services/|openrc-services]], which contains various services for use with OpenRC.+=== Setup the agetty services ===
  
-===== Post installation =====+  # main tty 
 +  ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty.tty1 
 +  /sbin/rc-update add agetty.tty1 default 
 +     
 +  cp /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.tty1 
 +  echo 'agetty_options="--noclear"' >> /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.tty1 
 +   
 +  # additional ttys 
 +  for i in {2..6}; do 
 +    ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty.tty${i} 
 +    /sbin/rc-update add agetty.tty${i} default 
 +  done 
 +   
 +  # serial tty (for servers) 
 +  ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty.ttyS0 
 +  /sbin/rc-update add agetty.ttyS0 default 
 +   
 +  cp /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.ttyS0 
 +  echo 'agetty_options="--noclear"' >> /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.ttyS0 
 + 
 +=== Update boot parameters === 
 + 
 +Add the following to your boot parameters (via ///etc/lilo.conf// for lilo or ///etc/default/grub// for grub): 
 +  init=/sbin/openrc-init 
 + 
 +Regenerate boot configuration ('lilo -v' or 'grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg').
  
-After installing, ///etc/inittab// will need to be replaced. The old one can be backed up: +=== Enable boot logging ===
-  # cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.sysvinit +
-  # mv /etc/inittab.new /etc/inittab+
  
-The main configuration file for OpenRC is ///etc/rc.conf//, and contains various options.+The main configuration file for OpenRC is ///etc/openrc/rc.conf//, and contains various options.
  
 A common option that could be changed is to enable boot logging by setting ''rc_logger="YES"'', this way any errors encountered via booting could be logged and examined later (default log location is ///var/log/rc.log//). A common option that could be changed is to enable boot logging by setting ''rc_logger="YES"'', this way any errors encountered via booting could be logged and examined later (default log location is ///var/log/rc.log//).
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 ===== On reboot ===== ===== On reboot =====
  
-After installing openrc and openrc-services, on rebooting one is booted to a command line with only the bare minimum of services enabled.+On rebootingone is booted to a command line with only the bare minimum of services enabled.
  
 It may show a warning about deprecated support for ///etc/mtab// as a file, and how to correct it: It may show a warning about deprecated support for ///etc/mtab// as a file, and how to correct it:
-  # cp /etc/mtab /etc/mtab.bak+  # cp /etc/mtab /etc/mtab.bkp
   # ln -snf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab   # ln -snf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
      
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   # rc-update add sysklogd default   # rc-update add sysklogd default
   # rc-update add dcron default   # rc-update add dcron default
-  # rc-update add alsasound default  # for desktop+  # rc-update add alsasound boot  # for desktop
   # rc-update add consolekit default  # for desktop   # rc-update add consolekit default  # for desktop
   # rc-update add sshd default  # for server   # rc-update add sshd default  # for server
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 If using wifi with laptops the **NetworkManager** or **wicd** service could be enabled. The combination of dhcpcd and wpa_supplicant (along with a frontend like wpa_gui or wpa_cli) could also be used as a lightweight alternative. If using wifi with laptops the **NetworkManager** or **wicd** service could be enabled. The combination of dhcpcd and wpa_supplicant (along with a frontend like wpa_gui or wpa_cli) could also be used as a lightweight alternative.
  
-A static network can be configured by editing ///etc/conf.d/network//.+A static network can be configured by editing ///etc/openrc/conf.d/network//.
  
 === Display manager === === Display manager ===
  
-To boot to a graphical display manager, ///etc/conf.d/xdm// can be edited to specify the display manager, and the xdm service could be enabled:+To boot to a graphical display manager, ///etc/openrc/conf.d/xdm// can be edited to specify the display manager, and the xdm service could be enabled:
  
   # rc-update add xdm default   # rc-update add xdm default
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 ====== Configuration ====== ====== Configuration ======
  
-OpenRC services are present in the ///etc/init.d// folder, and corresponding configuration files are present in ///etc/conf.d//+OpenRC services are present in the ///etc/openrc/init.d// folder, and corresponding configuration files are present in ///etc/openrc/conf.d//
  
 Some common configuration files include: Some common configuration files include:
  
-  /etc/conf.d/modules    # modules to be loaded at boot +  /etc/openrc/conf.d/modules    # modules to be loaded at boot 
-  /etc/conf.d/hostname   # hostname of the system +  /etc/openrc/conf.d/hostname   # hostname of the system 
-  /etc/conf.d/keymaps    # console keymap+  /etc/openrc/conf.d/keymaps    # console keymap
  
-===== Services =====+===== Service management =====
  
 Services can be started/stopped/restarted as: Services can be started/stopped/restarted as:
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   # rc-service sshd start   # rc-service sshd start
 +
 +  
 +===== Shutdown/reboot =====
 +
 +To shutdown or reboot, one will need to use **openrc-shutdown**. To shutdown from a desktop environment using ConsoleKit2, check out this [[https://github.com/ConsoleKit2/ConsoleKit2/pull/113|PR]].
 +
 +==== Note ====
 +
 +The **ck-system-stop** and **ck-system-restart** files in the [[https://github.com/ConsoleKit2/ConsoleKit2/pull/113|PR]] can be saved to ///usr/local/sbin/poweroff// and ///usr/local/sbin/reboot// respectively. This allows using the **poweroff** and **reboot** commands like before.
  
 ====== Troubleshooting ====== ====== Troubleshooting ======
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 At the moment only a subset of the included services have been tested, so some of them may not run correctly. At the moment only a subset of the included services have been tested, so some of them may not run correctly.
  
-If some service does not work try the system provided one in ///etc/rc.d// if available.+If some service does not worktry the system provided one in ///etc/rc.d// (if available).
  
 ==== mysqld ==== ==== mysqld ====
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   socket = /var/run/mysql/mysql.sock   socket = /var/run/mysql/mysql.sock
  
 +==== Dealing with crashed services ====
 +
 +Sometimes openrc reports a service's status as "crashed". The process may have died or its pid file disappeared/changed.
 +
 +If one tries to start a crashed service, `rc-service` reports:
 +
 +  * WARNING: <service> has already been started
 +
 +So one tries to stop it before starting again.
 +
 +However in some situations, the service does not stop. This leads to a deadlock where one can neither stop the service nor start it. For such cases:
 +
 +  # rc-service <service> zap
 +  * Manually resetting <service> to stopped state
 +
 +**zap** resets the service state, allowing us to start it again.
 +
 +===== openrc-init =====
 +
 +Since version **0.25**, openrc provides //openrc-init// which can be used to boot the system.
 +
 +This allows switching between OpenRC and other init systems, for example sysvinit, just by changing boot parameters.
 +
 +For more info, check out the [[https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC#openrc-init|Gentoo wiki]].
 +
 +===== Migrating from /etc/init.d to /etc/openrc/init.d =====
 +
 +OpenRC 0.39+, as shipped via SBo, changes the service and configuration directory to ///etc/openrc// instead of ///etc//.
 +
 +This is being done to maintain greater compatibility with a vanilla Slackware install.
 +
 +Existing services will need to be migrated, details below on how it can be done.
 +
 +=== 1. Install openrc-0.39.2 and openrc-services-20181107 ===
 +
 +These packages ship the configuration and service files in ///etc/openrc//.
 +
 +=== 2. Migrate existing services ===
 +
 +This involves 4 steps:
 +
 +  # migrate existing services
 +  for service in /etc/init.d/*; do
 +    svcname=$(basename "$service")
 +    if [ ! -e "/etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname}" ]; then
 +      if [ -f "/etc/init.d/${svcname}" ] && grep -q openrc "/etc/init.d/${svcname}"; then
 +        cp -v "/etc/init.d/${svcname}" "/etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname}"
 +      elif [ -L "/etc/init.d/${svcname}" ]; then
 +        # check if symlink is of a service
 +        service_target=$(readlink -f "$service")
 +        service_target_name=$(basename "$service_target")
 +        if [ $(dirname "$service_target") = "/etc/init.d" ]; then
 +          ln -sv "/etc/openrc/init.d/${service_target_name}" "/etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname}"
 +        fi
 +      fi
 +    fi
 +  done
 +  
 +  # enable existing services
 +  for runlevel in /etc/runlevels/*; do
 +    for service in ${runlevel}/*; do
 +      svcname=$(basename "$service")
 +      rvlname=$(basename "$runlevel")
 +      if [ ! -e /etc/openrc/runlevels/${rvlname}/${svcname} ] && [ -e /etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname} ]; then
 +        ln -sv /etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname} /etc/openrc/runlevels/${rvlname}/${svcname}
 +      fi
 +    done
 +  done
 +  
 +  # check config changes
 +  for file in /etc/conf.d/*; do
 +    filename=$(basename "$file")
 +    extension="${filename##*.}"
 +    if [ "$extension" = orig ] || [ "$extension" == new ]; then
 +      continue  # dont need to check extra
 +    fi
 +    if [ -e "/etc/conf.d/${filename}" ] && [ -e "/etc/openrc/conf.d/${filename}" ]; then
 +      diff -Nupr "/etc/conf.d/${filename}" "/etc/openrc/conf.d/${filename}"
 +    fi
 +  done
 +  # main config file
 +  diff -Nupr /etc/rc.conf /etc/openrc/rc.conf
 +  
 +  # check local.d changes
 +  for file in /etc/local.d/*; do
 +    filename=$(basename "$file")
 +    if [ ! -e "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}" ]; then
 +      cp -v "/etc/local.d/${filename}" "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}"
 +    elif [ -e "/etc/local.d/${filename}" ] && [ -e "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}" ]; then
 +      # show changes
 +      diff -Nupr "/etc/local.d/${filename}" "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}"
 +    fi
 +  done
 +
 +Config changes found above can be updated by hand or copy pasted in new location.
 +
 +=== 3. Check and reboot ===
 +
 +Verify if ''rc-status'' is showing all services (it may show them as stopped).
 +
 +Reboot and check whether things are working expected, make changes as necessary.
 +
 +The old files and folders can be renamed (or removed).
 +
 +  mv /etc/init.d /etc/init.d-openrc-bkp
 +  mv /etc/conf.d /etc/conf.d-openrc-bkp
 +  mv /etc/local.d /etc/local.d-openrc-bkp
 +  mv /etc/runlevels /etc/runlevels-openrc-bkp
 +  mv /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.conf-openrc.bkp
 +
 +Finally, any changes done to the default Slackware system can be reverted:
 +
 +  mv /etc/init.d-bkp /etc/init.d
  
 ====== See Also ====== ====== See Also ======
  
-https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC+[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenRC|Wikipedia]] 
 + 
 +[[https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC|Gentoo Wiki]] 
 + 
 +[[https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/|Github]]
  
-https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/+[[https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/blob/master/user-guide.md|User guide]]
  
-[[https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/using-openrc-on-slackware-4175542567/|linuxquestions.org thread]]+[[https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/using-openrc-on-slackware-4175542567/|LQ thread]]
  
-[[https://bitbucket.org/aadityabagga/openrc-services-ng|openrc-services-ng repo]]+[[https://gitlab.com/aadityabagga/openrc-services|openrc-services repo]]
  
  
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