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howtos:general_admin:openrc [2018/10/08 03:48 (UTC)]
aaditya [openrc-init] clarify ttys 		howtos:general_admin:openrc [2020/04/12 15:08 (UTC)]
aaditya [Shutdown/reboot] add info about wrappers
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 OpenRC is a dependency based service management system. It works with the system provided init program, normally ///sbin/init//. OpenRC is a dependency based service management system. It works with the system provided init program, normally ///sbin/init//.
  
-====== Features ======+===== Features =====
  
 OpenRC provides a number of features like hardware initiated initscript run and cgroups support, without requiring large layout changes. OpenRC provides a number of features like hardware initiated initscript run and cgroups support, without requiring large layout changes.
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 ====== Installation ====== ====== Installation ======
  
-===== Pre installation =====+Two [[slackware:slackbuild_scripts|Slackbuilds]] are available, [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc/|openrc]], which contains the OpenRC init system, and [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc-services/|openrc-services]], which contains various services for use with OpenRC.
  
-The /etc/init.d directory (a symlink to ///etc/rc.d/init.d//) will need to be moved: +===== Post installation =====
-  # mv /etc/init.d /etc/init.d-bkp+
  
-===== Installing =====+After installation, some steps are needed to boot with OpenRC.
  
-Two [[slackware:slackbuild_scripts|Slackbuilds]] are available, [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc/|openrc]], which contains the OpenRC init system, and [[http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/openrc-services/|openrc-services]], which contains various services for use with OpenRC.+=== Setup the agetty services ===
  
-===== Post installation =====+  # main tty 
 +  ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty.tty1 
 +  /sbin/rc-update add agetty.tty1 default 
 +     
 +  cp /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.tty1 
 +  echo 'agetty_options="--noclear"' >> /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.tty1 
 +   
 +  # additional ttys 
 +  for i in {2..6}; do 
 +    ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty.tty${i} 
 +    /sbin/rc-update add agetty.tty${i} default 
 +  done 
 +   
 +  # serial tty (for servers) 
 +  ln -s /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty /etc/openrc/init.d/agetty.ttyS0 
 +  /sbin/rc-update add agetty.ttyS0 default 
 +   
 +  cp /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.ttyS0 
 +  echo 'agetty_options="--noclear"' >> /etc/openrc/conf.d/agetty.ttyS0 
 + 
 +=== Update boot parameters === 
 + 
 +Add the following to your boot parameters (via ///etc/lilo.conf// for lilo or ///etc/default/grub// for grub): 
 +  init=/sbin/openrc-init 
 + 
 +Regenerate boot configuration ('lilo -v' or 'grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg').
  
-After installing, ///etc/inittab// will need to be replaced. The old one can be backed up: +=== Enable boot logging ===
-  # cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.sysvinit +
-  # mv /etc/inittab.new /etc/inittab+
  
-The main configuration file for OpenRC is ///etc/rc.conf//, and contains various options.+The main configuration file for OpenRC is ///etc/openrc/rc.conf//, and contains various options.
  
 A common option that could be changed is to enable boot logging by setting ''rc_logger="YES"'', this way any errors encountered via booting could be logged and examined later (default log location is ///var/log/rc.log//). A common option that could be changed is to enable boot logging by setting ''rc_logger="YES"'', this way any errors encountered via booting could be logged and examined later (default log location is ///var/log/rc.log//).
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 ===== On reboot ===== ===== On reboot =====
  
-After installing openrc and openrc-services, on rebooting one is booted to a command line with only the bare minimum of services enabled.+On rebooting, one is booted to a command line with only the bare minimum of services enabled.
  
 It may show a warning about deprecated support for ///etc/mtab// as a file, and how to correct it: It may show a warning about deprecated support for ///etc/mtab// as a file, and how to correct it:
-  # cp /etc/mtab /etc/mtab.bak+  # cp /etc/mtab /etc/mtab.bkp
   # ln -snf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab   # ln -snf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
      
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   # rc-update add sysklogd default   # rc-update add sysklogd default
   # rc-update add dcron default   # rc-update add dcron default
-  # rc-update add alsasound default  # for desktop+  # rc-update add alsasound boot  # for desktop
   # rc-update add consolekit default  # for desktop   # rc-update add consolekit default  # for desktop
   # rc-update add sshd default  # for server   # rc-update add sshd default  # for server
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 If using wifi with laptops the **NetworkManager** or **wicd** service could be enabled. The combination of dhcpcd and wpa_supplicant (along with a frontend like wpa_gui or wpa_cli) could also be used as a lightweight alternative. If using wifi with laptops the **NetworkManager** or **wicd** service could be enabled. The combination of dhcpcd and wpa_supplicant (along with a frontend like wpa_gui or wpa_cli) could also be used as a lightweight alternative.
  
-A static network can be configured by editing ///etc/conf.d/network//.+A static network can be configured by editing ///etc/openrc/conf.d/network//.
  
 === Display manager === === Display manager ===
  
-To boot to a graphical display manager, ///etc/conf.d/xdm// can be edited to specify the display manager, and the xdm service could be enabled:+To boot to a graphical display manager, ///etc/openrc/conf.d/xdm// can be edited to specify the display manager, and the xdm service could be enabled:
  
   # rc-update add xdm default   # rc-update add xdm default
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 ====== Configuration ====== ====== Configuration ======
  
-OpenRC services are present in the ///etc/init.d// folder, and corresponding configuration files are present in ///etc/conf.d//+OpenRC services are present in the ///etc/openrc/init.d// folder, and corresponding configuration files are present in ///etc/openrc/conf.d//
  
 Some common configuration files include: Some common configuration files include:
  
-  /etc/conf.d/modules    # modules to be loaded at boot +  /etc/openrc/conf.d/modules    # modules to be loaded at boot 
-  /etc/conf.d/hostname   # hostname of the system +  /etc/openrc/conf.d/hostname   # hostname of the system 
-  /etc/conf.d/keymaps    # console keymap+  /etc/openrc/conf.d/keymaps    # console keymap
  
-===== Services =====+===== Service management =====
  
 Services can be started/stopped/restarted as: Services can be started/stopped/restarted as:
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   # rc-service sshd start   # rc-service sshd start
  
-====== openrc-init ====== 
- 
-Since version **0.25**, openrc provides //openrc-init// which can be used to directly boot the system. 
- 
-To use it, 
- 
-* Revert inittab changes done 
- 
-  cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.bkp 
-  mv /etc/inittab.sysvinit /etc/inittab 
      
-* Setup the agetty services+===== Shutdown/reboot =====
  
-  # main tty +To shutdown or reboot, one will need to use **openrc-shutdown**. To shutdown from a desktop environment using ConsoleKit2, check out this [[https://github.com/ConsoleKit2/ConsoleKit2/pull/113|PR]].
-  ln -s /etc/init.d/agetty /etc/init.d/agetty.tty1 +
-  /sbin/rc-update add agetty.tty1 default +
-     +
-  cp /etc/conf.d/agetty /etc/conf.d/agetty.tty1 +
-  echo 'agetty_options="--noclear"' >> /etc/conf.d/agetty.tty1 +
-   +
-  # additional ttys +
-  for i in {2..6}; do +
-    ln -s /etc/init.d/agetty /etc/init.d/agetty.tty${i} +
-    /sbin/rc-update add agetty.tty${i} default +
-  done +
-   +
-  # serial tty for servers +
-  ln -s /etc/init.d/agetty /etc/init.d/agetty.ttyS0 +
-  /sbin/rc-update add agetty.ttyS0 default +
-   +
-  cp /etc/conf.d/agetty /etc/conf.d/agetty.ttyS0 +
-  echo 'agetty_options="--noclear"' >> /etc/conf.d/agetty.ttyS0+
  
-* Add the following to your boot parameters: +==== Note ====
-  init=/sbin/openrc-init+
  
-Note- To shutdown or reboot, one will need to use **openrc-shutdown**. +The **ck-system-stop** and **ck-system-restart** files in the [[https://github.com/ConsoleKit2/ConsoleKit2/pull/113|PR]] can be saved to ///usr/local/sbin/poweroff// and ///usr/local/sbin/reboot// respectively. This allows using the familiar **poweroff** and **reboot** commands like before.
- +
-For more info, check out the [[https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC#openrc-init|Gentoo wiki]].+
  
 ====== Troubleshooting ====== ====== Troubleshooting ======
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 **zap** resets the service state, allowing us to start it again. **zap** resets the service state, allowing us to start it again.
  
-==== Errors while booting ====+===== openrc-init ===== 
 + 
 +Since version **0.25**, openrc provides //openrc-init// which can be used to boot the system. 
 + 
 +This allows switching between OpenRC and other init systems, for example sysvinit, just by changing boot parameters. 
 + 
 +For more info, check out the [[https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC#openrc-init|Gentoo wiki]]. 
 + 
 +===== Migrating from /etc/init.d to /etc/openrc/init.d ===== 
 + 
 +OpenRC 0.39+, as shipped via SBo, changes the service and configuration directory to ///etc/openrc// instead of ///etc//. 
 + 
 +This is being done to maintain greater compatibility with a vanilla Slackware install. 
 + 
 +Existing services will need to be migrated, details below on how it can be done. 
 + 
 +=== 1. Install openrc-0.39.2 and openrc-services-20181107 === 
 + 
 +These packages ship the configuration and service files in ///etc/openrc//. 
 + 
 +=== 2. Migrate existing services === 
 + 
 +This involves 4 steps: 
 + 
 +  # migrate existing services 
 +  for service in /etc/init.d/*; do 
 +    svcname=$(basename "$service") 
 +    if [ ! -e "/etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname}" ]; then 
 +      if [ -f "/etc/init.d/${svcname}" ] && grep -q openrc "/etc/init.d/${svcname}"; then 
 +        cp -v "/etc/init.d/${svcname}" "/etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname}" 
 +      elif [ -L "/etc/init.d/${svcname}" ]; then 
 +        # check if symlink is of a service 
 +        service_target=$(readlink -f "$service") 
 +        service_target_name=$(basename "$service_target") 
 +        if [ $(dirname "$service_target") = "/etc/init.d" ]; then 
 +          ln -sv "/etc/openrc/init.d/${service_target_name}" "/etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname}" 
 +        fi 
 +      fi 
 +    fi 
 +  done 
 +   
 +  # enable existing services 
 +  for runlevel in /etc/runlevels/*; do 
 +    for service in ${runlevel}/*; do 
 +      svcname=$(basename "$service") 
 +      rvlname=$(basename "$runlevel") 
 +      if [ ! -e /etc/openrc/runlevels/${rvlname}/${svcname} ] && [ -e /etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname} ]; then 
 +        ln -sv /etc/openrc/init.d/${svcname} /etc/openrc/runlevels/${rvlname}/${svcname} 
 +      fi 
 +    done 
 +  done 
 +   
 +  # check config changes 
 +  for file in /etc/conf.d/*; do 
 +    filename=$(basename "$file") 
 +    extension="${filename##*.}" 
 +    if [ "$extension" = orig ] || [ "$extension" == new ]; then 
 +      continue  # dont need to check extra 
 +    fi 
 +    if [ -e "/etc/conf.d/${filename}" ] && [ -e "/etc/openrc/conf.d/${filename}" ]; then 
 +      diff -Nupr "/etc/conf.d/${filename}" "/etc/openrc/conf.d/${filename}" 
 +    fi 
 +  done 
 +  # main config file 
 +  diff -Nupr /etc/rc.conf /etc/openrc/rc.conf 
 +   
 +  # check local.d changes 
 +  for file in /etc/local.d/*; do 
 +    filename=$(basename "$file") 
 +    if [ ! -e "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}" ]; then 
 +      cp -v "/etc/local.d/${filename}" "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}" 
 +    elif [ -e "/etc/local.d/${filename}" ] && [ -e "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}" ]; then 
 +      # show changes 
 +      diff -Nupr "/etc/local.d/${filename}" "/etc/openrc/local.d/${filename}" 
 +    fi 
 +  done 
 + 
 +Config changes found above can be updated by hand or copy pasted in new location. 
 + 
 +=== 3. Check and reboot === 
 + 
 +Verify if ''rc-status'' is showing all services (it may show them as stopped). 
 + 
 +Reboot and check whether things are working expected, make changes as necessary.
  
-After installing or updating the **openrc-services** packages, one may get errors like:+The old files and folders can be renamed (or removed).
  
-   * checkpath: owner `netdata:netdata' not found+  mv /etc/init.d /etc/init.d-openrc-bkp 
 +  mv /etc/conf.d /etc/conf.d-openrc-bkp 
 +  mv /etc/local.d /etc/local.d-openrc-bkp 
 +  mv /etc/runlevels /etc/runlevels-openrc-bkp 
 +  mv /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.conf-openrc.bkp
  
-This is because **openrc-services** contains services for some packages not found in the base Slackware install, but present on SBo.+Finally, any changes done to the default Slackware system can be reverted:
  
-These usually go away on their own after the openrc cache is updated.+  mv /etc/init.d-bkp /etc/init.d
  
 ====== See Also ====== ====== See Also ======

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